what is MPTC and ZPTC

Rural Local Bodies called Panchayati Raj Institutions(PRI) have officially existed in independent India since1959 but were given constitutional status through the 73rd amendment only in 1992. The PRI system exists in rural regions of all States and UTs in India except the states of Mizoram, Nagaland, Meghalaya, the former state of Jammu & Kashmir and some other areas of North-Eastern India(where hill area council exist) which are exempted. PRI is a 3 tier system in all states with a population of more than 20 lakhs(ie except Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Manipur and Sikkim where the intermediate level doesn’t exist).

For administrative purpose, every part of India is divided Into Districts. The Urban areas come under Municipality, whereas the Rural areas are further divided into Block/Anchal/Mandal which are a cluster of 15–50 Gram Panchayats(GP). GPs are the smallest administrative rural unit in India with a population generally less than 5000. A GP may consist of multiple small villages or a large village could have 2 or more GP. Hence the 3 Tiers are Gram/Village level, Panchayat_samiti/Block/Mandal/Anchal level and Zilla/District level.

Gram/Village Panchayat

The GP is generally divided into 5-15 wards(with around 500 population each). Each Member of the GP representing the ward (aka Ward member) is directly elected by village voters. The Sarpanch/Mukhiya/President of the entire GP may be directly elected by villagers or indirectly by the Ward Members.

Intermediate/Block/Mandal/Anchal Panchayat or Panchayat Samiti

Generally, villagers of every GP directly elect one member to the Intermediate Panchayat level, in rare occasions when the population of the GP is large they elect 2 members. The elected members of the Intermediate Panchayat elect a Chairman of Intermediate Panchayat from among their own. Officially notified Urban areas within the Intermediate panchayat are excluded from such election.

Zilla Parishad/District Council

The rural areas of each district are divided into constituencies for the election of Zilla Parishad/District Council(ZP) members. The size i.e voter population under a ZP constituency are decided by the respective states. There is at least one ZP member from each Block/ Anchal/ Mandal and depending on their population and the size of the constituencies there could be multiple members from each. As a general rule, each ZP member’s constituency is from only one Block/ Anchal/ Mandal and every GP is fully subsumed in one ZP constituency for effective representation.

The voters of each ZP constituency directly elect the ZP members. Elected members of ZP, elect a Chairman and Vice-chairman of Zilla Parishad from among their own.

Hence during the PRI election, each villager is expected to elect one member for each of Gram Panchayat, Intermediate Panchayat and Zilla Parishad and as the case may be the Sarpanch/ Mukhiya/ President of the Gram Panchayat too.

The Constitution states that PRI should be elected every 5 years.

PS: Each tier of the PRI also consists of non-elected members like Officials - Panchayat Secretary, Block Development Officer, CEO Zilla Parishad, Representatives of MLAs/MPs etc.. who only have the right to participate but not vote in them.

Also, Know This 

1.Zp Chairman (Indirect elections in which ZPTC's cast their vote).

2.ZP Vice Chairman (Indirect elections in which ZPTC's cast their vote)

3.ZPTC (Direct Elections People of Mandal cast their vote )

4.MPP (Mandal Praja Parishad Chairperson, Indirect Elections in which MPTC's cast their vote ).

5.MPTC (Direct Elections in which people of village cast their vote )

6.Village Counsel(Sarpanch)

Duties of MPTC:

1.Monitors the Govt schools and other public problems of a village

2.Attends the meetings in Grampanchayat in which village Counsel(sarpanch), village people discuss the problems.

3.Should attend the meetings in Mandal Office and discuss the problems of the village in presence of a ZPTC, MPP and MPDo(Mandal Parishad Development Officer)

Duties of ZPTC:

1.Monitors the Govt schools and other public problems in a Mandal,

2.Attends the MPTC's held meetings in Mandal Office.

3.Should attend the meetings conducted in Zilla Parishad and discuss the problems of Mandal in presence of ZP Chairperson/Vice-Chairperson and CEO (Chief Executive Officer / IAS officer )